Machine for operating on barrels or other containers



Nov. 8, 1927. 7 1,647,980

D. A. BEREAN ET AL MACHINE FOR OPERATING 0N BARRELS OR OTHER CONTAINERS5:1 75.] 0 Wm m a /a /az Nov. 8, 1927.

D. A. BEREAN ET AL MACHINE FOR OPERATING 0N BARRELS OR OTHER CONTAINERSFiled March 26. 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nov. 8, 1927. 1,647,980

D. A. BEREAN ET AL MAQHINE FOR OPERATING ON BARREL-S OR OTHER CONTAINERSFiled March 26. 1924 4 She ets-Sheet s 770 k/VE 45.

Nov. 8, 1927. 1,647,980

' D. A. BEREAN. ET AL I MACHINE FOR OPERATING ON BARRELS OR OTHERCONTAINERS Filed March 26'. 1924 Y 4 Sheets- Sheet 4 E a/J. a 67 F 4p 66i 9 ,HJ. 7a E if 0 0 6 75 O O ?f. if 19 77 I i f 7 v 5 .Fiy/4;

D E-WW ATTORNEY- Patented Nov. 8, 1927.

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nnnsnn'r A. BEREAN, or BARKER, AND YWILLIAM w. mention, on LOOKPORT, newYORK, ASSIGNQRS :ro reevesnannracrronine cone-any, or nocnroae, new

YORK.

MACZ-LINEIOB- OPEEJATIETG 0N BAREELS OR OTHER CONTAINERS Applicationfiled March 26, 1924. Serial No. 702,142.

. This invention relates to in'iproveinents in machines for operating onbarrels or other containers, and more particularly to barrel chamtering,leveling and crozing machines.

In the manufacture of barrels, it is usual to arrange the stove; inbarrel formation in a setting up form, where-they are drawn togcther andheld in place by teinporar hoops placed over the opposite ends otthestaves. These truss hoops are relatively thick metal rings tapered inaccordance wvith the desired bilge oi' the barrel. One of the trusshoops is plac d over each end of the barrel near the end of the staves,after which the hoops are driven tightly on the barrel by suitable hoopdriving devices to a position in which they hold the barrel stavessecurely in the intended form, and so that the ends of the stovesproject outwardly beyond the hoops a suflicient distance for thesubsequent chamtering, leveling and crozing operations to be performedon thebarrel ations of chamtering, leveling and crozing the ends of thestaves are sometimes all performed in a single machine, but in thepresent instance the truss hoops are driven on the barrel by aseparate'machine or apparatus, whereby thetruss hoops are driven topredetermined distances .trom each other regardless of slight variationsin the lengths of the staves, that is, the hoops on successive barrelsofthe same intended size will be all spaced apart thesame distanceirrespective of variations in the lengths of the ban rels. This featureis taken advantage of in the machine of the present invention with theresult that the barrels being trimmed with reference to the hoops agage, barrels of uniform length are produced by the use of the machine.

' Oneobject of the invention is to provide a be. 1 or the like trimmingor chamiering, leveling and crozing machine having improved means forreceiving and supporting the barrels, on which they are firmly heldteriiro; and gage device adapted to been gaged by and to cooperate withthe truss hoopson the barrel so as to cause the cuttmg "devices to beoperated to make the barrels of predeterminedlength regardless of slighty truss variations in the lengths of the barrel staves, or barrelsbefore being trimmed; also to arrange said centering device on one ofsaid barrel supporting means so that it may be adjusted relativelythereto tor the purpose of accurately alining it relatively to the axisof the rotary cutter head, so thatwhen an end of a barrel isreceivedbythe centering and gage device, the barrel will be accuratelyalined, regardless of inaccuracies in positioning oi the barrel supporton ivhich said centering and means are support ed; also'to provide aplurality oiinterchangeable centering and gage devices, each having atruss hoop engaging portion of ditterent diameter but all havingthe same7 outside dimensions so that'theymay be interchangeable on the machineandwill be adapted to engage the adjustable'positionbig means and beautomatically centered thereby as a result of the initial adjustment ofsaid positioning means for one of said devices, without furthermanipulation of saidineans. j r

Another object olfthe invention is the provision of adjustable stopdevices for limiting the movements or the barrel supporting devices tooperative position for the pur pose of stopping the movements of thebarrel towards the cutting devices after the cham'fering andlevelingoperations, to permit the proper operation of the crozingdevice, and to limit the returnstroke of the barrel supporting deviceswhen one end of the barrel has been acted upon and is ready to be takenfrom the machine, and reversed,

machines may be inexpensively manutactured and may be available to usersof limited meanspand toprovide a machine of this sort which isrelatively small, light in weight and compact, so that it may betransported from place topplace, as desired. v

' Other objects are to improve machines of this sort in the otherrespects hereinafter specified and claimed.

In. the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a barrel chamfering, leveling and crozingmachine embodying the invention and showing the positions of the partswhen not operating upon a barrel.

Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof.

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional elevation thereof on line 3-3, Fig. 1,showing the.

supporting device for one end of the barrel.

Fig. tis a similar view showing the support for the other end of thebarrel and part of the barrel centering means associated therewith.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary longitudinal sec tion of the machine showing theparts in position for centering a barrel relatively to the axis of thecutter head.

Fig. 6 is a similar view showing the barrel advanced to engagingposition with the cutting devices. 7

Fig. 7 is a face view of the operating side of the cutter head.

Figs. 8 and 9 are fragmentary sectional elevations showing two differentoperative positions of the crozing device.

Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section of the actuating means for the crozingdevice, the parts being out of cutting position.

Fig. 11 is a similar view, but with the parts in cutting position.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary section on line 12-12, Fig. 8, showing thepivot and an adjustable stop for the crozing device.

Fig. 13 is a plan view, and Fig. 14 is a transverse section of thechamfering knife of the cutter head.

Figs. 15 and 16 are respectively a plan view and a face view of the endleveling or trimming cutter of the cutter head.

Fig. 17 is a fragmentary section of an end of a barrel showing thevarious cuts performed by the machine.

The machine illustrated in the drawings as an embodiment of thisinvention, comprises, generally, a pair of barrel supports arranged onspaced, sliding guides, one of the barrel supports being fixed to theguides and movable therewith, while the other barrel support is slidableon said guides relatively to the first barrel support. The support whichis fixed to the guides is further provided with a novel centeringdevice, such that the barrel may be moved into operative relationthereto by the other barrel support, and said device is provided withmeans adapted to cooperatewith the truss hoop on the adjacent end of.the barrel, so that the truss hoop will constitute a gage for definitelypositioning or centering the barrel in the centering device, andpositively determining the length to whichthe end of the barrel isfinished off, The sliding barrel support is adapted to be moved on theguides to engage one end of a barrel and press it into engagement withthe centering device on the first support, and the two barrel supportsare adapted, after the barrel has been gaged and centered, to be movedtogether with the barrel to a position in which an end of the barrel ispresented to a 1'0- tating cutterhead on which are arranged the variouscutting devices adapted to perform the chamfering, leveling off andcrozing operations. The machine is further provided with adjustable stopand return means whereby the leveling operation may be stopped at anydesired relative distance from the truss hoops, after which the partsmay be returned to inoperative position so that the barrel may be easilyaccessible for removal from the machine.

In the particular embodiment of the invention shown in the drawings,there is provided a pair of barrel supports A. A which are respectivelyprovided with spaced tubular bosses 10, 11 by which they are supportedon a pair of parallel guide bars 12. The guide bars 12 are slidablyarranged in hearing brackets 13, 13 at opposite ends of a base frame Bof any suitable construction. The barrel support A is adapted to slideor have free movements on and relatively to the bars 12, while the othersupport A is adjustably secured to the bars 12 so as to move therewith,as by means of set screws or the like 14. The barrel supports A A arenormally spaced apart a distance somewhat greater than the length of thebarrel to be operated on, and curved and sloping rests 15 and 16respectively are provided, on which the barrels are placed. The centersof the arcs on which these rests are curved should be substantiallycoincident with the horizontal axis of the cutter head so that the axisof the barrel, when in position thereon, is substantially horizontal andsubstantially in alinement with said axis. To this end, the rest 15 isin the form of a separate member having opposite spaced lugs 17 providedwith elongated slots 18 through which securing bolts 19 pass. wherebythe rest may be adjusted relatively to the back stop portion 20 of thesupport A, see Fig. 3. The other rest 16 is similarl adjusted on thebarrel support A by means of bolts 17 passing through slots 18 in therestto permit the rest to be moved vertically relatively to the support.This arrangement provides an initial adjustment whereby a barrel may beproperly alined with the centering "device and the cutter head. After abarrel has been placed on the rests 15, 16, the barrel support A ismoved to bring the back stop 20 into engagement with the adjacent rearend of the barrel X, the movement being continued to slide the barrel ontherest 16 into engagement with said centering means.

Any suitable means may be used for so moving the support A, thatshown inthe drawings comprising a. transverse rock shaft 25 journallcd inbearings 26 on the base B and having crank arms 27 connected by links 28to the back stop of the barrel support A. A lever 30, fixed to one endof the rock shaft enables the necessary movements of I the shaft anddescribed connections to be otthe staves. WVhen, therefore, a barrel hasbeen placed on the supports A A, the hoops X resting on the supportingfaces of the rests 15, 16, the support. A is moved towards thesupport Aby the lever 3O. This first causes the barrel support A to move rela-'tively to the guide rods 12 until the left hand or rear end of thebarrel is engaged by the back stop 20, the continued movement towardsthe right will shove the barrel on the rest 16 until the right handtruss hoop en; gages with a centering and gage device C secured on thebarrel support A. The continued right hand movement of the lever 30will, by the pressure exerted by the support A through the barrel Xagainst the centering device G, cause the two barrel supports A A andthe rods 12 to move together to a position adjacent a rotatable cutterhead 1),

where the barrel and its supporting devices will be arrested by suitablemeans, to permit the various cutting devices on the head D to act uponthe right hand end of the barrel. After this end of the barrel has beenoperated upon, the parts of the machine are returned to inoperativeposition, in which the barrel is released from the centering and gagedevice. The operator then reverses the barrel end for end on the machineand the other end is operated on in a similar manner.

The centering and gage device G preferably comprises an annular flatplate or ring 32, extending transversely across the machine and adjustably supported ina vertical plane on thebarrel support A" with itsinner circular edge '33 substantially coincident with the curved rearedge of the rest '16, see Figs. 5 and 6. This inner edge '33 ispreferably tapered or beveled and corresponds :wi'th the diameter andbevel of the truss hoops Xon the barrel so that thetrusslhoop' adjacentthereto, when moved toward :it will slide on "the rest 16 into theaperture formed .by the edge '33 where it will be trictionally held bythe 'coacting tapered faces, as long as pressure is maintained against:the opposite end (if the ibarrel.

Means are provided whereby the centering and gage ring C may be adjustedrelatively to, and held in adjusted position on the bar rel support A",so that the barrel, when in operative position therein, will be properlycentered relatively to the cutter head '1). For this purpose thecentering ring is formed with a true outer circular edge 34:,-concentric with the inner edge 33, and the barrel support A is providedwith spaced lugs having threaded apertures, in which turn radiallyarranged adjusting screws 36 adapted to bear against the edge 34, seeFig. l, preferably near the rods 12. The ring C is further provided withslots 37, and the adjusting bolts 17 which extend through the slots 18of the rest 16 are adapted to pass through these slots37, to adjustablysering may be truly centered without the necessity of any accuratemachine Work or fitting on the barrel support A other than to insurethat the apertures for the rods 12 are formed the correct distanceapart.

Therefore, no great accuracy is required in positioning thesupportitself, as all ad ust- *ments may be made byythe use of the bolts 17,after the parts are assembled. After adjustment, the centering ring G issecured in position by tightening the bolts 17?.

A plurality of the centering and gage rings .C are provided, havingditferent inside diameters, adapted to cooperate with the truss hoops onbarrels of different sizes, but all ot'these supplementary rings G areof exactly the same outside diameter. In this way, it is only necessaryto make one initial adjustment of the adjusting screws 36 to accuratelycenter one ofthe rings C when the machine is first-set up, after whichanyother ring of the same outside diameter will, when placed on themachine, be accurately centered, without further adjustment, by simplyplacing its peripheral edge in contact with the ends of the twoadjusting screws 36 and locking it in place by the bolts 17 The cutterhead D is mounted to revolve relatively to the adjacent'end of a barrel.As shown in the drawings, the cutter head D is in the form of a wheelhaving a rim -10 with a beveled outer periphery and it is adapted tosupport a pluralitj of cutting devices, such as a .cham'fered device E,an

end leveling or cutting off device 'F, and a I inner surface =01? theend of the barrel may A fly wheel 48 is also provided at the outer endof the shaft 43.

It should be understood that a plurality of the cutter heads D areprovided having rims of different diameters, so that when a centeringdevice is changed for another one adapted to operate with a barrel ofdifferent size, a cutter head of suitable diameter is also substitutedfor the one that has been in operation. The cutting devices are arrangedon the cutter head D, so that as the barrel is advanced towards thecutter head, as explained, the chamfering or beveling device E firstoperates on the barrel, cutting the material away gradually as thebarrel advances, and after the chamfering operation has been partlycompleted, the leveling device F engages and cuts away and levels theends of the staves, operating simultaneously with the chamfering deviceE, untilthe feeding advance'of the barrel is arrested. After the advancemovement of the barrel has been stopped and the chaimfering and levelingdevices E and F have completed their work, the crozing device G isbrought into action. This relative action of the cutters prevents thecrozing device from operating during the longitudinal movement of thebarrel, and cutting the croze in a spiral path instead of in theintended true transverse path at right angles to the axis of the barrel.

As shown in the d 'awings, see Figs. 7, 13 and 14, the chamfering deviceE comprises a knife adjustably secured on the rim 40 of the cutter headby means of a clamp 56 and screws 57 so as to project outwardly beyondthe front edge of the head into the path of the barrel end to angularlyengage and'cut away or bevel off the inner corners of the stave ends, asshown at 58. Fig. 17. This knife is shaped as shown so as to pro duce adrawing cut. The leveling device F, see'Figs. 7, 15 and 16, includes acutting tool 59 disposed angularly across the face to of the cutter headina clamp 60, in which it is adjustably'held, as by a screw 61, so as torotate with the cutter head D in the path. of the advancing end of thebarrel to engage and trim off the ends of the staves, until the advanceof the barrel is arrested.

The crozing device G is arranged on the cutter head D so as to beindependently actuated, at the will of the operator, after theehamfering and leveling operations have been completed, to move radiallyrelatively to the axis of the cutter head, so that the cutting elementthereof will engage the inner faces of the barrel s ave ends to form theusual croze for the reception of the barrel head. The crozing device ispreferably pivoted eccentrically relatively to the axis of the cutterhead I), and means are provided for swinging the crozing device on itspivot for limiting the depth of the croze, so that the cutting tool isprevented from Clltr ting clear through the stavcs and thereby spoilingthe barrel. As shown in the drawings, Figs. 712, these parts arepreferably constructed and arranged as follows:

A casting or block (35 is pivoted at (36 on a lug (37 extending inwardlyfrom the rim 40 of the cutter head D, and is provided with a curvedouter face arranged adjacent the plane of the inner face of the rim 10.The block is disposed to swing transversely relatively to the cutterhead I) on its pivot 66 within a recess or cut-away portion 68 of therim t0, and it is provided with the usual cutting tool (39 arrangedtransversely and having an end 70 projecting laterally from the blockadjacent the inner face of the barrel end. The tool 69 is adjustablysecured in a groove or recess in the block 65, as by set screws 71. Thenormal inactive position of the crozing device shown in Fi 7, is suchthat the cutter head may revolve freely within the end of the barrelwithout any part of the crozing device contacting therewith. The meansfor swinging the crozing device G on its pivot 66 to move the tool (39into engagement with the barrel as shown in Fig. 8, includes a collar72, slidably arranged on the drive shaft 43, and provided with alongitudinally arranged rod 73 having a cam member 74 rigidly secured onits outer end. The block 65 is provided with a rearwardly projecting lug75 having an inwardly projecting finger 76, which enters an inclinedslot 77 in the cam member 71, see Figs. 10 and 11. If, therefore, thesliding collar 72 is moved from the position shown in Fig. 11 to thatshown in Fig. 10, the linger 76 will slide in the cam slot 77, therebymoving the tool into engagement with the inner face of the barrel end,as shown in Fig. 8. The outer face of the block 65 is provided with acam or rib 80 so curved that, as the block (35 is swung on its pivot, aportion thereof at a distance from the cutting end 70 of the tool willfirst engage the barrel, and continued movement of the block will permita rocking action of the cam rib against the barrel so as to steady theblock and permit the tool to cut gradually into the barrel to a depthsuflicient for a single cut around the inner face, after which the ribwill enter the out or groove so made and permit the tool to cut fartherinto the material. In other words, the cam rib 80 forms a gage to limitthe depth of the cut during each revolution of the cutting head so thatthe material ofthe barrel will not be splintered or deformed.

Thecrozing device G is further provided with an adjustable stop forlimiting the final depth of the completed croze. Theflmeans showncomprises a stop screw or the like 81 in a threaded aperture in an arm82 of the block 65, with its outer end arranged adjacent the inner faceof the rim 40 of the cut ter head. In the normal inactive position ofthe crozing device, the end of the stop screw 81 is positioned as shownin Fig. 7 the distance between it and the rim of the head D 1 beingfirst determined, after which' it is until the stop screw strikes theinner face of the rim 40 and prevents further cutting of the tool intothe wood, regardless of the length of time the barrel is held by thelever 30 in operative relation to the cutter head.

Any suitable means may be used for sliding the collar 72 on the shaft43, such as a hand lever 85, pivoted at 86 on the bearing 44, and havinga fork prov1ded with pins 87 which enter an annular groove 88 in thecollar. By swinging thelever 85 in one direction on its pivot, thecollar will be moved from the position shown in Figs. 2 and 11 to thatshown in Fig. 10, with the cam 74 holding the tool 69 in cuttingposition. The collar is caused to turn with the cutter head by means ofthe cam rod 73 which passes through a hole in a flange 91 secured to theshaft 4:3 and rotatable with the cutter head D. A suitable spring 93connected to the lever 85 and to a fixed part of the machine is adaptedto return the lever and the collar Means are provided for adjustablycontrolling the stop position of the barrel, which, as before explained,is moved as a unit with the barrel supports A A and guide bars 12, sothat the ends of the barrel may be trimmed or leveled oil to any desiredleft, as in Fig. 1, and adjustable stop collars 102 on; the rods 12adjacent the bearing are. moved into engagement with this bracket. Thestop collars 100 are now moved away tromthe brackets 13 a distance suchthat, when the barrel supports are moved to the right, and said stopsengage the brackets 13, the "forward ends of the staves will projectbeyond the centering ring C a distance that will ensure the staves beingcut oi? the required distance from the truss hoops, The collars 100 arethen secured on the guide rods 12 by their set screws. WVhen the lever30 is actuated and the barrel moved toward the right, the movement willcontinue until arrested by the engagement of the stops 100 with thebrackets 13.

When the cutting operations have been completed, a movement of the lever30 in the opposite direction will release the barrel by returning thebarrel supports A A to their normal positions, and the initial positionsof all the parts will be assured by the engagement of the stop collars102 with the bracket 44, preferably assisted by coil springs 103. Whenone end of the barrel has been so finished, the parts are returnedsition, with the "lever 30 extending to the I to normal positions byreverse movements I of the levers 30 and 85, thus permitting the barrelto be released from the centering and gage device C, so that it lies onthe rests 15, 16 out of contact with the device C and back stop 20. Theoperator is, therefore, able to remove the barrel from the machine, turnit end for end and place it' again on the bar-' rel supports, afterwhich the other end of the barrel may be chamfered, leveled and crozedin the same manner as the first end. Since the support A isindependently movable relatively to the support A, the former supportmay be moved toiproperly engage the reversed barrel regardless of thefact that it is now shorter than before the first end had been trimmed.

e claim as our invention:

1. In a machine of the sort described, the combination of a rotatablecutter head, means for driving said head, a pair of supports havingparts on which a barrel or the like may rest, operating means forsimultaneously moving said supports with a berrel or the like thereoninto operative relation to said cutter head, said cutterhead includingan annular rim supporting a plurality of cutting devices adaptedtooperate on the ends of said barrel, including a crozing'de vice, saidcrozing device includinga block adapted to swing in a plane at rightangles to the axis of rotation of said head and being pivotally mountedeccentrically of said axis and normallyv at rest in a position out ofcontact with the inner wall of the barrel, a

crozing tool on said block, a sliding member moved in the oppositedirection will cause movable longitudinally relatively to said said toolto be retracted from said barrel, 10 head and having an inclined slot, apart on and an adjustable stop member on said block said block engagingin said slot, such that adapted to engage a fixed part of said rim to 5when said sliding member is moved in one limit the final depth of thecroze formed by direction said slot connection will cause said saidtool. block to swing said tool into contact; with DELBERT A. BEREAN. theinner wall of said barrel, and when WVILLIAM W. TREVOR.

